Mount Popa in the Central Dry Zone of Myanmar: From legacy of a volcano to a habitable refugium

Abstract

Mount Popa is recognized as one of the most significant volcanoes in Myanmar. Conservation initiatives have resulted in extensive forest coverage throughout the Mt. Popa region, which receives comparatively greater precipitation than surrounding towns within the central dry zone. The volcanic activity of Mt. Popa has contributed to notable geological formations, while also serving as a critical biodiversity refuge within an otherwise arid landscape. Additionally, the area has supported successive human populations, whose presence is deeply intertwined with the site’s enduring religious and anthropological significance. Recent seismic activity along the Sagaing Fault has prompted concerns regarding the dormant status of Mt. Popa and underscores the necessity for comprehensive scientific investigation. Given that geopark initiatives integrate research, conservation, and socioeconomic development, robust support from both local and international stakeholders is essential to sustain Mt. Popa as a viable ecological and cultural refugium.